Psychiatry & Psychosomatic Medicine

Behavioral science is a scientific discipline, such as sociology, anthropology, or psychology, in which the actions and reactions of humans and animals are studied through observational and experimental methods. It is the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behaviour through controlled and naturalistic observation, and disciplined scientific experimentation.

The sessions associated with Psychiatry & Behavioral sciences are Addiction, Brain stimulation, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Drug & Alcohol abuse, Delirium, Geriatric & Mood disorders.

Liaison psychiatry is also known as a consultative psychiatry which is a branch of psychiatry which specialises in the interface between a general medicine and the psychiatry which is usually taking place in a hospital or in a medical setting. Consultation-liaison (CL) psychiatry refers to the skills and the knowledge which is utilized in evaluating and treating the emotional and behavioral conditions in patients who are referred from surgical settings.The aims of liaison psychiatry include the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders, prevention of psychiatric morbidity, promotion of a positive attitude towards psychiatry, promotion of a combined approach to mental and physical health, teaching, research and improved cost effectiveness of service provision.Consultation-Liaison (C-L) Psychiatrists have expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in medically ill patients.The tracks associated with Consultation-liaison psychiatry are sleep disorder, substance use disorders and suicide attempt or threat.

The word Psychosomatic means the mind (psyche) and the body (soma). Psychosomatic disorder is a condition which involves the both mind and the body. A few physical diseases which are particularly prone to made worse by the mental health factors such as a stress and the anxiety. Examples which include are eczema, psoriasis, high BP, ulcers and the heart disease.The treatment for the psychosomatic disorders brings together the main therapeutic measures from the entire medical as well as the psychosocial fields. These together show a Mental illness and they may occur due to any previous psychiatry conditions as well.

  The term Psychosomatic disorder is mainly describes ‘a Physical disease which is thought to be caused and made worse, by a mental factors". Adolescence begins with a physical growth to bodily maturity which continues as a metamorphosis or metamorphoses of mind and the spirit. Psychosomatic medicine is mainly concerned with treating the disorders like Irritable bowel syndrome which is a condition involving the recurrent abdominal pain and the diarrhoea or constipation which is been associated with stress and the anxiety which is cured by Psychosomatic therapy by body-mind convention to create the lasting positive change. The main disorders in adults which can use psychosomatic therapy are Multiple sclerosis, Cardiac diseases, Schizophrenia and Tuberculosis.

Mood disorders are a category of illnesses that describe a serious change in mood. Illness which come under mood disorder includes Major Depressive disorder, Bipolar disorder, Cyclothymic and SAD (Seasonal affective disorder).Depression is a disorder of the brain. There are a variety of causes, including genetic, environmental, psychological, and biochemical factors.

Bipolar disorder is an unstable emotional condition observed by cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood (mania) and low mood (depression).SAD or seasonal affective Disorder is a type of depression which is affected by weather outside. Many people experience serious mood changes during the winter months, when sun light intensity is low. And usually mood lifts during spring and summer.

Neuro-Psychiatry disorder is also known as a mental illness, is a mental or a behavioral pattern which causes abnormally either suffering or an impaired ability to function in ordinary life. Psychiatric disorders are very common in United States. About one-fifth of the American population were suffering from some sort of mental disorder during any given year which is cited by the American Psychiatric Association.

There are many causes of mental disorders. The genes and a family history may play a vital role. A daily life experiences, such as stress or a history of abuse, may also consider. The other Biological factors can also be part of the cause. A traumatic brain injury can lead to a mental disorder and a mother's exposure to viruses or toxic chemicals while pregnant may play a part.The disorders associated with Psychiatry are Anxiety disorders, Psychotic disorders, Eating disorders, and Dissociative and Personality disorders.

Somatization disorder is considered as to be a chronic disturbance in the cell biology that tends to persist throughout in the patient's life. It is also likely to be run in families. Somatic cell therapy is mainly describes about the use of an Neurotransmitters in Neurology, Pharmacotherapy, Psychiatry, Psychopharmacology and a somatization disorder.

Functional somatic syndromes with a depression and the anxiety are of moderate magnitude but were highly significant statistically as when compared with a healthy persons and which controls with medical disorders of known organic pathology. So it is very important to evaluate the medical causes where anxiety is accompanied by the disproportionate physical symptoms as like Tachycardia or atypical physical symptom like confusion. The main psychosomatic therapy which is knows as Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) should be concerned as a first-line treatment for the situational anxiety and also the anxiety disorders. The use of Benzodiazepines which can help to improve primary anxiety in a short term and Tricyclic Antidepressants like Mirtazapine were also considered. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors were also used in the psychosomatic therapies.

Schizophrenia is mental disorder which is symbolized by an abnormal behaviour which cannot be recognising what is real like unclear or an confused thinking. The main type of psychosomatic therapy is done by an Antipsychotic medication which can reduce the main symptoms of psychosis which is an psychiatry disease in about 7-14 days. Antipsychotic drugs have proven to be a crucial in relieving the psychotic and the psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia. It describes and use the Typical Antipsychotics, Atypical Antipsychotics and Schizophrenic Anti psychotics and the Conventional Anti psychotics,and Advanced Medicine in Schizophrenia.

The term "somatization" as used in the topic refers to a syndrome which consists of physical symptoms which can cause substantial distress and also a psychosocial behaviour impairment. Somatization which can also be viewed as a dimensional syndrome with a spectrum of expression ranging from an exaggeration of common symptoms to unrelenting disabling symptoms. A disorder which is related to Somatization is termed as Briquette’s syndrome.

The somatoform disorders are a group of psychiatric disorders or diseases in which patients present with a myriad of clinically significant but unexplained physical symptoms. They include somatization disorder (involving multisystem physical symptoms), undifferentiated somatoform disorder (fewer symptoms than somatization disorder), conversion disorder (voluntary motor or sensory function symptoms), pain sensation disorder (pain with strong psychological involvement), hypochondriasis (fear of having a life-threatening illness or condition), body dysmorphic disorder (preoccupation with a real or imagined physical defect).

The symptom Psychosomatic disorder is mainly referred to a mental disorder or a mental depression which causes a somatic symptoms by a mental processes of the sufferer rather than the finding no physical or an organic cause. It can be treated and solved by two ways, globally by managing the main situations that induce the assurance which help to prevent the accumulation of a disorder and other specifically by managing each somatization by a somatic cell therapy in its particular dynamics.

Psycho-oncology is a subject of multi-disciplinary interest and share boundaries with oncology, psychiatry, rehabilitation, Palliative care and other clinical disciplines.

Psycho-oncology is the branch of science which deals with social, psychological, behavioural and ethical aspects of cancer. Psycho-oncology mainly focuses on psychological response of patient and their family to disease process and the psychological, behavioural and social factors that may effect during the disease. 

Neuropsychiatry is a field that focuses on both brain behaviour relationships and focuses on the evaluation and treatment of patients who have neurologic disorders along with emotional, cognitive , and/or behavioural problems. It is also known as the branch of medicine dealing with diseases effecting the mind and nervous system. Neuropsychiatric symptoms could be defined as psychiatric manifestations of cerebral (neuropsychiatric) disorders. Neuropsychiatry is an emerging subspecialty of psychiatry and it is also closely related to the fields of behavioural neurology and  neuropsychology  .

Neuropsychiatry disorders are the disorders of brain causing psychiatry symptoms. Neuropsychiatric disorders are neurodegenerative disorders, epilepsy, stroke, movement disorders, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, infections, neuroendocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, intoxication, Multiple sclerosis, dementia, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia, cognitive impairment, Mood disorder.

Psychopharmacology is the branch of science which deals with the study of drugs on mood, behaviour, thinking and sensation. Mainly it focusses on drugs and its chemical interactions with brain. This field requires constant study to be in pace with new advancements. Psychopharmacology requires the basic knowledge of neuroscience, clinical medicine, and Pharmacology. Psychiatrists (completed four years of advanced training after medical school) have an even higher level of understanding and expertise in psychopharmacology.

Psychopathology is a term which refers to either the study of mental illness  or mental distress or the manifestation of behaviours and experiences which may be indicative of mental illness or psychological impairment. Psychiatrists in particular are interested in descriptive psychopathology, which has the aim of describing the symptoms and syndromes of mental illness.

Mental disorders  go from conceivably life-threatening disorders, for example, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and serious depression, to less incapacitating yet basic conditions, for example, nervousness and less extreme state of mind issue. These conditions incur significant injury on the sufferers themselves, as well as on their families, parental figures, and society in general. Anticipation, treatment, administration, and recovery of these conditions are basic as a feature of far reaching medicinal services.

Psychiatric nursing or mental health nursing is the appointed position of a nursing that has specialised in mental health and cares for people of all ages with mental illness or mental distress, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychosis, depression, dementia and many more. Nurses in this area receive specific training in psychological therapies, building a therapeutic alliance, dealing with challenging behaviour, and the administration of psychiatric medication. A psychiatric nurse will have to have attained a bachelor's degree in nursing to become a registered nurse (RN) and specialise in mental health

Psychosomatic medicine is an area of scientific investigation concerned with relation between psychological factors and physiological phenomena in general and disease pathogenesis in particular. It is mainly applicable in the areas of Psychology, Psychonephrology, Psychoneuroendocrinology, Psychoimmunology, Psychodematology in Dermatology department.