Psychiatry & Psychosomatic Medicine

 The word “Psychosomatic” denote to a physical illness forced by a mental factor such as inner conflict or stress which is relating to a disorder having physical symptoms but mainly originating from mental or emotional causes. Psychosomatic medicine is also an interdisciplinary medicine ground discovering the relations among social, psychological, and behavioral factors on physical processes and quality of life in humans and animals.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A Psychosomatic Medicine is a subspecialty of psychiatry which is mainly used in diagnosis and treatment of an psychiatry disorders and also symptoms in chronic medically suffering ill patients. Clinical conditions where mental methods act a major reason affecting medical outcomes are areas where psychosomatic medicine has competence. It also deals with the integration of the psychological therapies in prevention, treatment and also in rehabilitation of medical disease.

Psychiatric Disorder is also called a Mental illness. It is a Behavioral or Mental pattern that may cause suffering or a poor ability to function in life. Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks. This may be associated with particular regions or functions of the brain. Some of the Common mental disorders include depression, which affects about 400 millions, dementia which affects about 35 million, and schizophrenia, which affects about 21 million people globally.

 Each disease has its own treatment option. Cognitive Behavior Therapy CBT is frequent treatment of choice for a psychosomatic disorder. This Therapy helps patients learn new ways to cope with and solve their problems as they gain a deeper understanding of their condition or circumstances. Patients will also learn to set faithful life aims and identify and change behaviors or thoughts that have negative effects on their lives.

Psychosomatic medicine is measured a subspecialty of the fields of psychiatry and neurology. Medical   treatments and psychotherapy are used to treat illnesses understood to have a psychosomatic component. The symptom psychosomatic disorder is mainly referred to a mental disorder or a mental depression which causes somatic symptoms by mental procedures of the sufferer rather than the funding no physical or an organic cause.

Liaison psychiatry is also known as Consultation-liaison psychiatry is   the branch of psychiatry or specializes in the interface between general medicine and psychiatry, it usually taking place in a hospital or medical setting. The role of the consultation-liaison psychiatrist is to see patients with comorbid medical conditions at the request of the treating medical or surgical consultant or team. The aim of Liaison Psychiatry include the diagnosis and treatment of Psychiatric disorders, prevention of psychiatric morbidity, Promotion of positive attitude towards psychiatry, promotion of a combined approach to mental and physical health, teaching, research, and improved cost effectiveness of service provision. The Tracks associated with Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry are Sleep disorder, Substance use disorders and Suicide attempt or threat.

 It is a medical subspecialty within psychiatry that focuses on evaluation, diagnosis,   and treatment of people who are suffering from one or more disorders related to addiction. This may contain disorders including legal and illegal drugs, gambling, sex, and other impulse control disorders. Addiction psychiatrists are substance abuse experts. Growing amount of scientific knowledge, such as the health effects and treatments to substance abuse, have led to advancements in the field of addiction psychiatry. 

Psychosomatic symptoms are by definition clinical symptoms with no underlying organic pathology. Common symptoms seen in pediatric age group include abdominal pain, headaches, chest pain, fatigue, limb pain, back pain, worry about health and difficulty breathing. These, more frequently seen symptoms should be differentiated from somatoform or neurotic disorders seen mainly in adults. The prevalence of psychosomatic complaints in children and adolescents has been reported to be between 10 and 25%. These symptoms are theorized to be a response to stress. Potential sources of stress in children and adolescents include schoolwork, family problems, peer pressure, chronic disease or disability in parents, family moves, psychiatric disorder in parents and poor coping abilities

Behavioral psychology, also known as Behaviorism, studies that links between sensory abilities, thought processes, perceptions, emotions, and behaviors, of course. This type of psychology also examines various behavioral styles, in an effort to develop techniques and methods that change unhealthy, negative and destructive behaviors into more positive, healthier and uplifting ones. Behavioral Psychology focuses on altering, improving and changing people’s thoughts, processes, actions, emotions and behaviors. Some of the specialized areas of behavioral psychology are Cognitive therapy, Behavioral therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral therapy, and Applied Behavioral Analysis.

 A Somatic Symptom disorder, formerly known as a Somatoform disorder, it  is a mental disorder which manifests as physical symptoms that suggest illness or injury, but which cannot be explained fully by a general medical condition or by direct effect of a substance, and are not attributable to another mental disorder Example: Panic Disorder. Some of the Somatic Disorders, as a group, are included in a number of diagnostic schemes of mental illness, including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder categorized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand what is real. Common symptoms include false beliefs, unclear or confused thinking, hearing voice that other does not hear reduced social engagement and emotional expression. Schizophrenia Symptoms typically come on gradually, begin in young adulthood, and last a long time. Schizophrenia often has additional mental health problems such as anxiety disorders, major depressive illness, or substance use disorders.

Mood Disorders are category of illnesses that describe a serious change in mood. Illness under mood disorders include: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, persistent depressive disorder, cyclothymiacs, and SAD (seasonal affective disorder). Major Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses, affecting 6.7% (more than 16 million) of American adults each year. Depression causes people lose pleasure from daily life, can complicate other medical conditions, and can even be serious enough to lead suicide. Bipolar disorder is a mental health disorder categorized by dangerous highs and lows in mood and energy. While everyone experiences ups and downs, the severe shifts that happen in bipolar disorder can have a serious effect on a person’s life.

Emergency psychiatry is the clinical application of psychiatry in emergency settings. Conditions requiring psychiatric interferences may include attempted suicide, depression, psychosis, violence or other rapid changes in behavior. Psychiatry emergency services are rendered by professionals in the fields if medical, nursing, psychology and social works. The demand of emergency psychiatric services has rapidly increased throughout the world since the 1960s, especially in urban areas.

Psychiatric Nursing is the position of a nursing that has specialized in mental health and cares for people of all ages with mental illness or mental distress, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychosis, depression, dementia and many more. Nursing in this area receive specific training in psychological therapies, building a therapeutic alliance, dealing with challenging behavior, and the administration of psychiatric medication.

In Psychiatry disorder patients suffering from an extreme case of anxiety may seek treatment when all support systems have been exhausted and they are unable to bear the anxiety. Feelings of anxiety may present in different ways from an underlying medical illness or psychiatric disorder, a secondary functional disturbance from another psychiatric disorder, from primary psychiatric disorders. Natural disasters and man-made hazards can cause severe psychological stress in victims surrounding the event.

Sexual psychiatric disorders are like folks they are available in completely different forms of shapes and sizes. It involves experiencing the sort of issue that may suddenly have an effect on anyone, at any time in their lives, for any reason or no reason whatever. This disorder might result from emotional or physical causes. Emotional factors represent social or psychological issues, which might be result of sexual fear of guilt, past sexual trauma and sexual disorders, among others.